8.++EXAM


 * __ MACROMOLECULES & THE CELL __**
 * Chemistry of water and its unique properties
 * Hydrophilic vs hydrophopic
 * Know main information of the macromolecules – NO drawing molecules or isomers
 * Recognize structures
 * Cell diagram and functions of organelles
 * Diffusion, osmosis, active vs passive transport – NO details of membrane transport
 * No cell history
 * Calculating microscope size


 * __ DIVERSITY __**
 * Calculation of organism’s size under the microscope
 * Classification taxonomy, phylogenetic tree, clade, NO alternation of generations
 * Dichotomous Key
 * Viruses, lysogenic cycle
 * Prokaryote vs eukaryote
 * Endosymbiont theory
 * Characteristics of Kingdoms
 * Bacteria: Classification-shape and Reproduction


 * __ PLANTS __**
 * Photosynthesis
 * Tissues of a plant
 * Evolutionary adaptations to land in different phylla
 * Monocots vs eudicots
 * Cells of leaf, of vascular tissue
 * Phloem/xylem transport mechanisms
 * Plant hormones


 * __ MITOSIS/MEIOSIS __**
 * Know the phases includig G1, S, and G2
 * Chromatid/chromosome/chromatin/centromere/homologous chromosomes
 * Downs’, Turner, Kleinfelter Syndrome
 * Karyotypes


 * __ GENETICS __**
 * Types of inheritance: complete dominant-recessive /incomplete dominance/codominance/X-linked vs autosomal/multiple alleles/blood/
 * Be able to do crosses
 * Terms: homo/hetero-zygous, phenotype, genotype
 * Probability
 * Pedigree Charts
 * Mendel’s Laws


 * __ SYSTEMS __**
 * Increasing rate of diffusion
 * Know the three systems - flow through them
 * Know main diagram of each system
 * Control of breathing (physical and chemical)
 * Inflammatory response


 * __ EVOLUTION __**
 * Cuvier, Lyell, Lamarck
 * Mutations
 * Gene flow, genetic drift
 * Natural selection (3 types)
 * Speciation (definition of species, requirements, recognize reproductive isolating techniques)
 * Evidence of evolution, radiometric dating